"Was Gustavo Dudamel tut, ist Kollaboration"
Der venezolanische Dirigent Gustavo Dudamel gilt als einer der Favoriten
für den Chefsessel der Philharmoniker. Er ist ein Protagonist des
"Sistema", bei dem in seinem Heimatland Kinder an klassischen
Instrumenten ausgebildet werden. Das Regime macht sich dieses
Sozialprojekt für Propaganda zu Nutze.
Foto: Getty Images
Die
Pianistin Gabriela Montero, geboren 1970 in Caracas, wurde vor allem
durch Improvisationen bekannt, also die Fähigkeit, im Konzert auf Zuruf
zu fantasieren. Dazu war sie von Martha Argerich ermuntert worden. Die
Obama-Inaugurationsfeier im Jahr 2009 begleitete sie musikalisch. Die
Musikerin, die am 25. Mai bei Orchid Classics eine CD mit Rachmaninows
2. Konzert und eigenen Kompositionen veröffentlicht, lebt in Los
Angeles.
WERBUNG
DIE WELT: Sie stammen aus Venezuela, leben aber seit Jahren in den USA. Im Exil?
Gabriela Montero: Ich
habe Venezuela 1978 verlassen, um zu studieren. Ich kam regelmäßig
zurück. Von 2003 bis 2006 habe ich mit meinen Töchtern noch einmal in
Caracas gelebt. Bis es zu gefährlich wurde – wegen der Bedrohung durch
Entführung und durch Mord. Jetzt bin ich heimatlos.
DIE WELT: Die
dortigen politischen Verhältnisse betrachtet man in Deutschland mit
Sorge. Das Education-Projekt El Sistema aber wird bewundert. Wie ist
Ihre Verbindung zum Sistema?
Gabriela Montero: Ich
bin nicht innerhalb des Sistema aufgewachsen. Allerdings fand mein
Debüt als 8-jährige Pianistin mit dem Simon-Bolivar-Orchester statt.
Dirigiert hat José Antonio Abreu, Gründer von El Sistema. Ein sehr guter
Dirigent, gleichgültig wie man das Sistema bewertet.
DIE WELT: Ist das Sistema eine Ausnahme von den politischen Verhältnissen im Lande – oder deren Ausdruck?
Gabriela Montero: Vor
40 Jahren, als El Sistema gegründet wurde, handelte es sich um ein
vorbildliches Education-Projekt. Heute ist es das beste
Propagandainstrument der politischen Führung. Man hat das Sistema ganz
bewusst 'gekauft', und zwar, um das politische System weltweit promoten
zu können. El Sistema ist inzwischen ein korrumpiertes Instrument der
Macht und auch der Lüge.
DIE WELT: Ist die Idee des Sistema in ihr Gegenteil verkehrt worden?
Gabriela Montero: Ja,
und zwar schon als Hugo Chávez die Chance erkannte, das Sistema als
Visitenkarte für seine Politik zu instrumentalisieren. 2007 begann er,
das Projekt massiv mit Geld zu stützen, um es zu einer Waffe für sein
Regime zu machen. Ja, damit wurde die positive Idee des Sistema in ihr
Gegenteil verkehrt.
DIE WELT: Auch der britische Journalist Geoffrey Baker hat schwere Vorwürfe gegenüber El Sistema erhoben …
Gabriela Montero: Sein
Buch empfehle ich dringend. Baker hat aufgrund jahrelanger Studien die
autoritären und reaktionären Strukturen des Sistema beschrieben. Das hat
mich in der Entscheidung bestärkt, dass die Dinge nicht so weiterlaufen
können, dass ich aufstehen und als Künstlerin Farbe bekennen muss.
DIE WELT: Worin zeigt sich die politische Korrumpierung des Sistema?
Gabriela Montero: Zum
Beispiel darin, dass bei Gastspielen die neue, um einen Stern
erweiterte Flagge des sozialistischen Venezuela gezeigt wird. Deutlicher
geht es doch nicht! Währenddessen regiert in Venezuela die Gewalt. Die
medizinische Versorgung ist desolat und nicht für jeden zugänglich. Im
Supermarkt muss man den Ausweis vorzeigen und darf nur etwas kaufen,
wenn man auf der richtigen Liste steht. Das Regime ist antisemitisch und
antieuropäisch. All das wird durch die Komplizenschaft des Sistema
unterstützt.
DIE WELT: In Europa hält man El Sistema gleichwohl für ein vorbildliches Projekt. Hat man sich geirrt?
Gabriela Montero: Jugendorchester
haben in Europa eine lange Tradition, sie sind nicht von El Sistema
erfunden worden. Die Idee bleibt zwar richtig, aber wir müssen
unterscheiden zwischen guten Konzepten und der Möglichkeit, Missbrauch
mit ihnen zu treiben.
DIE WELT: Wie beurteilen Sie die Rolle von José Antonio Abreu?
Gabriela Montero: Er
ist die maßgebliche Person hinter allem. Er hat das Projekt initiiert
und es unter verschiedensten Regierungen erfolgreich manövriert. Hier
geht es aber nicht nur um ein Regime, sondern um dessen soziale Folgen.
In Venezuela herrscht eine Diktatur, wie die westlichen Medien häufig
genug festgestellt haben. Es gibt Folter, Unfreiheit und die
Allgegenwart von Gewalt. Ich halte die Verbindungen von Abreu in
Venezuela für zu gut, um ihn für unbeteiligt am dortigen Unrechtssystem
zu halten.
DIE WELT: Welche Rolle spielt Gustavo Dudamel?
Gabriela Montero: Keine
gute! Er ist das Gesicht des Sistema weltweit und steht damit sowohl
für die Ausgangsidee wie auch für deren Vereinnahmung. Dudamel hält sich
politisch bedeckt. Er setzt sich nicht für die wahren Probleme ein, was
ich für unverantwortlich halte. Dudamel hat das Mittel des Schweigens
gewählt und ist aktiv in die Geschehnisse verwickelt. Eine vertane
Chance. Und eine Schande dazu.
DIE WELT: Dudamel
gilt als einer der Hauptfavoriten um die Rattle-Nachfolge bei den
Berliner Philharmonikern. Hat er seine Rolle im Sistema für eine
internationale Karriere benutzt?
Gabriela Montero: Gewiss,
das hängt alles miteinander zusammen. Man konnte Dudamel, der innerhalb
des Sistema groß geworden ist, früher gewiss noch mit seiner Jugend
entschuldigen. Doch diese Zeit, ehrlich gesagt, ist wohl vorbei. Was er
tut, ist Kollaboration.
DIE WELT: Was empfehlen Sie Dudamel?
Gabriela Montero: Er
braucht meine Empfehlungen nicht. Aber richtig wäre, Farbe zu bekennen,
sich aus dem Projekt zurückzuziehen, das auf die falsche Seite geraten
ist. Treten Sie zurück, Herr Dudamel! Lösen Sie Ihre Freundschaft mit
der Diktatur!
DIE WELT: Sind es die Zustände in Venezuela, durch die Sie neuerdings auch zur Komponistin geworden sind?
Gabriela Montero: Ja.
Zumindest basiert mein Werk "ExPatria" auf den Erfahrungen in meiner
Heimat. Als ich wir es zusammen mit dem 2. Klavierkonzert von
Rachmaninow in Panama aufführten, wollten alle nachher nur noch über
Venezuela mit mir sprechen, nicht über Rachmaninow. Die Leute hatten das
Stück mit Tränen in den Augen gehört. Es ist auch den 66.000 Opfern
gewidmet, welche diese Diktatur in den letzten drei Jahren gekostet hat.
THE WORLD: They come from Venezuela, but for years living in the US. In exile?Gabriela Montero: I left Venezuela in 1978 to study. I came back regularly. From 2003 to 2006 I lived with my daughters again in Caracas. Until it was too dangerous - because of the threat of kidnapping and murder. Now I am homeless.THE WORLD: The political situation there is considered in Germany with concern. The educational project El Sistema but is admired. What is your connection to Sistema?Gabriela Montero: I did not grow up within the Sistema. However, my debut took place as 8-year-old pianist with the Simon Bolivar Orchestra. Conducted has José Antonio Abreu, founder of El Sistema. A very good conductor, no matter how you rated the Sistema.DIE WELT: Is the Sistema an exception to the political situation in the country - or their expression?Gabriela Montero: 40 years ago, when El Sistema was founded, it was a model educational project. Today it is the best instrument of propaganda of the political leadership. One has the Sistema 'bought' deliberately, namely to promote the political system in the world to be able to. El Sistema has become a corrupted instrument of power and also a lie.NPQ: Is the idea of Sistema been turned upside down?Mag no longer remain silent: the Venezuelan pianist Gabriela MonteroPhoto: ORCHID CLASSICS Mag silent no longer: the Venezuelan pianist Gabriela MonteroGabriela Montero: Yes, in fact even as Hugo Chávez saw an opportunity to exploit the Sistema as a business card for his policies. In 2007 he began to massively support the project with money to make it into a weapon for his regime. Yes, so the positive idea of Sistema was transformed into its opposite.THE WORLD: The British journalist Geoffrey Baker has raised serious accusations against El Sistema ...Gabriela Montero: His book I strongly recommend. Baker has described the authoritarian and reactionary structures of Sistema based on years of studies. This has strengthened my decision, that things can not continue in such a way that I get up and as an artist has to show their colors.THE WORLD: What is shows the political corruption of Sistema?Gabriela Montero: For example, the fact that with the new guest performances, around a star extended flag of socialist Venezuela is shown. Clearly it will not do! Meanwhile ruled in Venezuela violence. Medical care is desolate and not accessible to everyone. In the supermarket you have to show their ID card and may only buy something when you stand on the right list. The regime is anti-Semitic and anti-European. All this is supported by the complicity of the Sistema.DIE WELT: In Europe you hold El Sistema nevertheless for an exemplary project. If you have made a mistake?Gabriela Montero: Youth Orchestra have a long tradition in Europe, they have not been invented by El Sistema. The idea is correct, but we must distinguish between good concepts and the ability to propel abuse with them.THE WORLD: How do you assess the role of José Antonio Abreu?Gabriela Montero: He is the most authoritative person behind everything. He initiated the project and maneuvered it successfully under various governments. This is not just about a regime, but to its social consequences. In Venezuela there is a dictatorship, how the Western media noted often enough. There is torture, bondage and the omnipresence of violence. I believe that the compounds of Abreu in Venezuela too good to keep him for uninvolved at the local system of injustice.THE WORLD: What is the role Gustavo Dudamel?Gabriela Montero: No good! He is the face of the world's Sistema and thus stands for the initial idea as well as for their collection. Dudamel adheres politically covered. He does not sit for the real problems a, what I consider to be irresponsible. Dudamel has chosen the means of silence and is actively involved in the events. A wasted opportunity. And a shame to do so.THE WORLD: Dudamel is one of the main favorites to the Rattle-successor of the Berlin Philharmonic. Has he used his role in Sistema for an international career?Gabriela Montero: Certainly, that everything is connected with each other. You could Dudamel, who grew up within the Sistema, formerly certainly not excuse his youth. But this time, frankly, is probably over. What he does, is collaboration.THE WORLD: What do you recommend Dudamel?Gabriela Montero: He does not need my advice. But would be right to show their colors, to withdraw from the project, which has fallen on the wrong side. Step back, Mr. Dudamel! Solve your friendship with the dictatorship!DIE WELT: Are there conditions in Venezuela, through which you have recently become also the composer?Gabriela Montero: Yes. At least based my work "ExPatria" on the experience in my home. When I we aufführten together with the Piano Concerto No. 2 by Rachmaninoff in Panama, everyone wanted to talk to me, not only on Rachmaninov after Venezuela. The people had heard the song with tears in his eyes. It is also dedicated to the 66,000 victims, which has cost this dictatorship in the past three years.
"What does Gustavo Dudamel, iscollaboration "
Gabriela Montero is one of the most famous musicians of Venezuela. They criticized the fact that classical artists act as propaganda heralds the regime. Especially against a Star elevates allegations. 2By Kai Luehrs-KaiserThe Venezuelan conductor Gustavo Dudamel is one of the favorites for the Philharmonic executive chair. He is a protagonist of the "Sistema", children are trained to classical instruments in which in his homeland. The regime makes this social project for propaganda advantage.The Venezuelan conductor Gustavo Dudamel is one of the favorites for the Philharmonic executive chair. He is a protagonist of the "Sistema", children are trained to classical instruments in which in his homeland. The regime makes this social project for propaganda advantage. Photo: Getty ImagesThe pianist Gabriela Montero, born in 1970 in Caracas, was best known for improvisation, so the ability to fantasize in concert on demand. For this purpose they had been encouraged by Martha Argerich. The Obama Inauguration Celebration in 2009 accompanied them musically. The musician, who released a CD of Rachmaninoff's Concerto No. 2 and his own compositions on May 25 at Orchid Classics, lives in Los Angeles.
THE WORLD: They come from Venezuela, but for years living in the US. In exile?Gabriela Montero: I left Venezuela in 1978 to study. I came back regularly. From 2003 to 2006 I lived with my daughters again in Caracas. Until it was too dangerous - because of the threat of kidnapping and murder. Now I am homeless.THE WORLD: The political situation there is considered in Germany with concern. The educational project El Sistema but is admired. What is your connection to Sistema?Gabriela Montero: I did not grow up within the Sistema. However, my debut took place as 8-year-old pianist with the Simon Bolivar Orchestra. Conducted has José Antonio Abreu, founder of El Sistema. A very good conductor, no matter how you rated the Sistema.DIE WELT: Is the Sistema an exception to the political situation in the country - or their expression?Gabriela Montero: 40 years ago, when El Sistema was founded, it was a model educational project. Today it is the best instrument of propaganda of the political leadership. One has the Sistema 'bought' deliberately, namely to promote the political system in the world to be able to. El Sistema has become a corrupted instrument of power and also a lie.NPQ: Is the idea of Sistema been turned upside down?Mag no longer remain silent: the Venezuelan pianist Gabriela MonteroPhoto: ORCHID CLASSICS Mag silent no longer: the Venezuelan pianist Gabriela MonteroGabriela Montero: Yes, in fact even as Hugo Chávez saw an opportunity to exploit the Sistema as a business card for his policies. In 2007 he began to massively support the project with money to make it into a weapon for his regime. Yes, so the positive idea of Sistema was transformed into its opposite.THE WORLD: The British journalist Geoffrey Baker has raised serious accusations against El Sistema ...Gabriela Montero: His book I strongly recommend. Baker has described the authoritarian and reactionary structures of Sistema based on years of studies. This has strengthened my decision, that things can not continue in such a way that I get up and as an artist has to show their colors.THE WORLD: What is shows the political corruption of Sistema?Gabriela Montero: For example, the fact that with the new guest performances, around a star extended flag of socialist Venezuela is shown. Clearly it will not do! Meanwhile ruled in Venezuela violence. Medical care is desolate and not accessible to everyone. In the supermarket you have to show their ID card and may only buy something when you stand on the right list. The regime is anti-Semitic and anti-European. All this is supported by the complicity of the Sistema.DIE WELT: In Europe you hold El Sistema nevertheless for an exemplary project. If you have made a mistake?Gabriela Montero: Youth Orchestra have a long tradition in Europe, they have not been invented by El Sistema. The idea is correct, but we must distinguish between good concepts and the ability to propel abuse with them.THE WORLD: How do you assess the role of José Antonio Abreu?Gabriela Montero: He is the most authoritative person behind everything. He initiated the project and maneuvered it successfully under various governments. This is not just about a regime, but to its social consequences. In Venezuela there is a dictatorship, how the Western media noted often enough. There is torture, bondage and the omnipresence of violence. I believe that the compounds of Abreu in Venezuela too good to keep him for uninvolved at the local system of injustice.THE WORLD: What is the role Gustavo Dudamel?Gabriela Montero: No good! He is the face of the world's Sistema and thus stands for the initial idea as well as for their collection. Dudamel adheres politically covered. He does not sit for the real problems a, what I consider to be irresponsible. Dudamel has chosen the means of silence and is actively involved in the events. A wasted opportunity. And a shame to do so.THE WORLD: Dudamel is one of the main favorites to the Rattle-successor of the Berlin Philharmonic. Has he used his role in Sistema for an international career?Gabriela Montero: Certainly, that everything is connected with each other. You could Dudamel, who grew up within the Sistema, formerly certainly not excuse his youth. But this time, frankly, is probably over. What he does, is collaboration.THE WORLD: What do you recommend Dudamel?Gabriela Montero: He does not need my advice. But would be right to show their colors, to withdraw from the project, which has fallen on the wrong side. Step back, Mr. Dudamel! Solve your friendship with the dictatorship!DIE WELT: Are there conditions in Venezuela, through which you have recently become also the composer?Gabriela Montero: Yes. At least based my work "ExPatria" on the experience in my home. When I we aufführten together with the Piano Concerto No. 2 by Rachmaninoff in Panama, everyone wanted to talk to me, not only on Rachmaninov after Venezuela. The people had heard the song with tears in his eyes. It is also dedicated to the 66,000 victims, which has cost this dictatorship in the past three years.
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